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The Supreme Court’s 2024 decision concerning anticipatory bail in PMLA cases confirmed that the special conditions in Section 45 cannot be avoided merely because the applicant seeks protection before arrest rather than release after arrest. Interaction of the …
Yash Tuteja v. Union of India, 2024 INSC 301, demonstrates the dependence of a money-laundering complaint on legally sustainable scheduled offences. T…
Pavana Dibbur v. Directorate of Enforcement, 2023 INSC 1029, resolved an important question about Section 120B IPC and the PMLA Schedule. The Supreme …
V. Senthil Balaji v. Deputy Director, Directorate of Enforcement, decided in September 2024, applied Article 21 to a PMLA prosecution involving a subs…
In Manish Sisodia v. Directorate of Enforcement, decided on 9 August 2024, the Supreme Court granted bail in the connected corruption and money-launde…
Prem Prakash v. Union of India, decided on 28 August 2024, reinforced that the restrictive bail conditions in Section 45 of the PMLA do not override t…
Tarsem Lal v. Directorate of Enforcement, 2024 INSC 434, clarified the procedure after the Enforcement Directorate files a prosecution complaint witho…
The Supreme Court’s decision in Vijay Madanlal Choudhary v. Union of India, 2022 INSC 757, is the principal modern authority on the structure of the P…
Section 6A of the Citizenship Act, 1955 creates a citizenship framework specific to Assam and connected with the Assam Accord. In In Re: Section 6A of…
Climate change affects life, health, livelihood and equality, but the Constitution contains no provision titled “right against climate change”. In M.K…
In Supriyo @ Supriya Chakraborty v. Union of India, 2023 INSC 920, a five-judge Constitution Bench considered whether the Special Marriage Act, 1954 c…
Delhi has an elected Legislative Assembly but remains a Union Territory with a special constitutional arrangement. In Government of NCT of Delhi v. Un…
The Constitution (One Hundred and Third Amendment) Act, 2019 introduced a new basis for affirmative action. Articles 15(6) and 16(6) enable special pr…
Reproductive decision-making concerns bodily integrity, privacy and dignity. In X v. Principal Secretary, Health and Family Welfare Department, Govern…
The internet changes the speed and reach of expression, but it does not create a lesser constitutional right. Article 19(1)(a) protects speech online,…
Privacy is not expressly named in one isolated provision of the Constitution. Its protection emerges from the guarantees of liberty, dignity and freed…
The Constitution must be capable of change, yet constitutional amendment cannot become a method for destroying the system it is meant to develop. Arti…
The Tenth Schedule seeks to preserve political stability by disqualifying legislators in defined cases of defection. Its operation, however, depends h…